元组 #

t1 = (1, 2, 3)
t2 = ("a", "b", "c")
t3 = (1, "hello", 3.14)
t4 = ()
t5 = (1,)

typeof((1, 2, 3))
typeof((1, "hello", 3.14))
typeof(())
typeof((1,))

t = (1, 2, 3)
t[1] = 10

t = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
t[1]
t[end]
t[begin]
t[2:4]

t = (1, 2, 3)
for x in t
    println(x)
end

t = (1, 2, 3)
length(t)
size(t)
ndims(t)
eltype(t)

t1 = (1, 2, 3)
t2 = (4, 5, 6)
(t1..., t2...)

(1, 2, 3) == (1, 2, 3)
(1, 2, 3) === (1, 2, 3)
(1, 2, 3) < (1, 2, 4)

t = (1, 2, 3)
collect(t)
[t...]
Tuple([1, 2, 3])

t = (1, 2, 3)
a, b, c = t
a
b
c

function minmax(arr)
    return minimum(arr), maximum(arr)
end

min_val, max_val = minmax([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])

t = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
a, _, c = t
a
c

t = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
a, b... = t
a
b

nt1 = (a=1, b=2, c=3)
nt2 = (; a=1, b=2, c=3)
nt3 = (; :a => 1, :b => 2, :c => 3)

nt = (name="Julia", version=1.10, year=2024)
nt.name
nt.version
nt[:name]
nt[1]

typeof((a=1, b=2))
typeof((a=1, b="hello"))

nt = (a=1, b=2, c=3)
keys(nt)
values(nt)
pairs(nt)
propertynames(nt)

nt1 = (a=1, b=2)
nt2 = (c=3, d=4)
merge(nt1, nt2)
merge(nt1, (b=20, c=30))

a = 1
b = 2
c = 3
nt = (; a, b, c)

function foo(a, b, c)
    return a + b + c
end

args = (1, 2, 3)
foo(args...)

function bar(; a, b, c)
    return a + b + c
end

kwargs = (a=1, b=2, c=3)
bar(; kwargs...)

function divide_and_remainder(a, b)
    return (div(a, b), a % b)
end

quotient, remainder = divide_and_remainder(10, 3)

Tuple{Int, String, Float64}
Tuple{Int, Vararg{Int}}
NTuple{3, Int}

function process(t::Tuple{Int, String})
    println("Int: $(t[1]), String: $(t[2])")
end

process((1, "hello"))
process((1, 2))

function varargs(args...)
    println("Got $(length(args)) arguments")
    for (i, arg) in enumerate(args)
        println("$i: $arg")
    end
end

varargs(1, 2, 3, "hello")

function distance(p1::Tuple{Float64, Float64}, p2::Tuple{Float64, Float64})
    sqrt((p2[1] - p1[1])^2 + (p2[2] - p1[2])^2)
end

distance((0.0, 0.0), (3.0, 4.0))

function create_config(; host="localhost", port=8080, debug=false)
    (; host, port, debug)
end

config = create_config(port=3000, debug=true)
config.host
config.port

function analyze_string(s::String)
    (
        length = length(s),
        words = length(split(s)),
        uppercase = count(isuppercase, s),
        lowercase = count(islowercase, s)
    )
end

result = analyze_string("Hello World Julia")
result.length
result.words

function swap(a, b)
    (b, a)
end

x, y = swap(1, 2)
x
y