Varnish基本命令 #

# 启动Varnish
sudo systemctl start varnish

# 停止Varnish
sudo systemctl stop varnish

# 重启Varnish
sudo systemctl restart varnish

# 重载配置
sudo systemctl reload varnish

# 查看状态
sudo systemctl status varnish

# 设置开机自启
sudo systemctl enable varnish

# 取消开机自启
sudo systemctl disable varnish

# 前台启动（调试模式）
varnishd -d -a :6081 -T localhost:6082 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,256m

# 后台启动
varnishd -a :6081 -T localhost:6082 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,256m

# 指定PID文件
varnishd -P /var/run/varnish.pid -a :6081 -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl -s malloc,256m

# 优雅停止
varnishadm stop

# 强制停止
sudo pkill varnishd

# 使用PID文件
sudo kill $(cat /var/run/varnish.pid)

# 使用默认配置连接
varnishadm

# 指定地址和端口
varnishadm -T localhost:6082

# 指定密钥文件
varnishadm -T localhost:6082 -S /etc/varnish/secret

# 直接执行命令
varnishadm -T localhost:6082 status

# 查看状态
varnishadm status

# 输出示例
Child in state running

# 查看进程信息
varnishadm pid

# 查看VCL列表
varnishadm vcl.list

# 输出示例
name          state  temperature
boot          active 0
reload_123456 available 0

# 加载新VCL
varnishadm vcl.load new_config /etc/varnish/default.vcl

# 使用VCL
varnishadm vcl.use new_config

# 丢弃VCL
varnishadm vcl.discard old_config

# 查看VCL内容
varnishadm vcl.show boot

# 查看后端列表
varnishadm backend.list

# 输出示例
name      ref   probe   health
default   1     0/0     healthy

# 查看后端详细信息
varnishadm backend.list -p

# 设置后端状态
varnishadm backend.set_health default sick
varnishadm backend.set_health default healthy
varnishadm backend.set_health default auto

# 清除所有缓存
varnishadm ban "req.url ~ /"

# 清除特定URL缓存
varnishadm ban "req.url ~ ^/images/"

# 清除特定域名缓存
varnishadm ban "req.http.Host == example.com"

# 清除带Cookie的缓存
varnishadm ban "req.http.Cookie ~ session"

# 查看BAN列表
varnishadm ban.list

# 查看所有参数
varnishadm param.show

# 查看特定参数
varnishadm param.show thread_pool_max

# 查看参数详细信息
varnishadm param.show -l thread_pool_max

# 修改参数
varnishadm param.set thread_pool_max 1000

# 重置参数
varnishadm param.reset thread_pool_max

# 查看统计信息
varnishadm stats

# 查看统计摘要
varnishadm stats -1

# 按模式查看
varnishadm stats -m MAIN.cache_hit

# 查看panic信息
varnishadm panic.show

# 清除panic
varnishadm panic.clear

# 查看连接信息
varnishadm connections

# 查看线程信息
varnishadm thread.show

# 查看帮助
varnishadm help

# 实时查看日志
varnishlog

# 只看请求日志
varnishlog -g request

# 只看后端日志
varnishlog -g backend

# 过滤特定URL
varnishlog -q "ReqURL ~ ^/api/"

# 过滤特定状态码
varnishlog -q "RespStatus == 500"

# 过滤特定客户端
varnishlog -q "ReqHeader:Host == example.com"

# 输出到文件
varnishlog -w /var/log/varnish/varnish.log

# 从文件读取
varnishlog -r /var/log/varnish/varnish.log

*   << Request  >> 12345
-   Begin          req 12344 rxreq
-   Timestamp      Start: 1648123456.789012 0.000000 0.000000
-   Timestamp      Req: 1648123456.789012 0.000000 0.000000
-   ReqMethod      GET
-   ReqURL         /index.html
-   ReqProtocol    HTTP/1.1
-   ReqHeader      Host: example.com
-   ReqHeader      User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0
-   VCL_call       RECV
-   VCL_return     hash
-   VCL_call       HASH
-   VCL_return     lookup
-   VCL_call       MISS
-   VCL_return     fetch
-   Timestamp      Fetch: 1648123456.789012 0.001234 0.001234
-   RespProtocol   HTTP/1.1
-   RespStatus     200
-   RespReason     OK
-   RespHeader     Content-Type: text/html
-   RespHeader     Content-Length: 1234

# NCSA格式日志
varnishncsa

# 自定义格式
varnishncsa -F "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\""

# 输出到文件
varnishncsa -w /var/log/varnish/access.log

# 后台运行
varnishncsa -D -w /var/log/varnish/access.log

# 过滤特定请求
varnishncsa -q "RespStatus >= 400"

# 实时统计
varnishtop

# 统计请求URL
varnishtop -i ReqURL

# 统计请求头
varnishtop -i ReqHeader

# 统计响应状态
varnishtop -i RespStatus

# 统计后端
varnishtop -i Backend

# 过滤显示
varnishtop -i ReqURL -q "ReqMethod == GET"

# 延迟直方图
varnishhist

# 只看请求
varnishhist -m ReqURL

# 只看后端响应
varnishhist -m RespStatus

# 自定义桶大小
varnishhist -b 100

|  1|  2|  3|  4|  5|  6|  7|  8|  9| 10| 11| 12|
|   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |   |
|   |   |   |   |###|###|## |   |   |   |   |   |
|   |   |   |   |###|###|## |   |   |   |   |   |
|   |   |   |   |###|###|## |   |   |   |   |   |

# 实时统计
varnishstat

# 一次性输出
varnishstat -1

# JSON格式输出
varnishstat -j

# XML格式输出
varnishstat -x

# 过滤特定统计项
varnishstat -f MAIN.cache_hit -f MAIN.cache_miss

# 查看计数器
varnishstat -l

#!/bin/bash
# cache_hit_rate.sh - 计算缓存命中率

HITS=$(varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.cache_hit | awk '{print $2}')
MISSES=$(varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.cache_miss | awk '{print $2}')
TOTAL=$((HITS + MISSES))

if [ $TOTAL -gt 0 ]; then
    RATE=$(echo "scale=2; $HITS * 100 / $TOTAL" | bc)
    echo "Cache Hit Rate: ${RATE}%"
    echo "Hits: $HITS, Misses: $MISSES"
else
    echo "No requests yet"
fi

# 使用curl发送PURGE
curl -X PURGE http://localhost:6081/index.html

# PURGE特定URL
curl -X PURGE http://localhost:6081/images/logo.png

# PURGE带Host头
curl -X PURGE -H "Host: example.com" http://localhost:6081/page.html

# BAN所有缓存
curl -X BAN http://localhost:6081/

# BAN特定路径
curl -X BAN -H "X-Ban-Url: ^/images/" http://localhost:6081/

# BAN特定内容类型
curl -X BAN -H "X-Ban-Type: text/html" http://localhost:6081/

sub vcl_recv {
    if (req.method == "BAN") {
        if (!client.ip ~ purge) {
            return (synth(405, "Not allowed."));
        }
        if (req.http.X-Ban-Url) {
            ban("req.url ~ " + req.http.X-Ban-Url);
        } else {
            ban("req.url ~ " + req.url);
        }
        return (synth(200, "Banned."));
    }
}

# 使用VLC刷新
curl -H "X-Refresh: 1" http://localhost:6081/page.html

sub vcl_recv {
    if (req.http.X-Refresh) {
        set req.http.X-Pass = "1";
        return (pass);
    }
}

sub vcl_backend_response {
    if (bereq.http.X-Pass) {
        set beresp.ttl = 0s;
        set beresp.uncacheable = true;
    }
}

# 编译检查VCL
varnishd -C -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl

# 详细输出
varnishd -C -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl 2>&1 | less

# 调试模式启动
varnishd -d -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl

# 追踪特定请求
varnishlog -q "ReqURL ~ /api/test" -g request

# 查看请求处理时间
varnishlog -q "ReqURL ~ /api/test" -i Timestamp

# 查看VCL调用
varnishlog -q "ReqURL ~ /api/test" -i VCL_call -i VCL_return

# 测试后端连接
curl -H "Host: example.com" http://backend-server:8080/test

# 查看后端健康状态
varnishadm backend.list -p

# 追踪后端请求
varnishlog -g backend -q "BackendOpen"

#!/bin/bash
# varnish_monitor.sh

while true; do
    clear
    echo "=== Varnish Monitor ==="
    echo "Time: $(date)"
    echo ""
    
    # 缓存命中率
    HITS=$(varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.cache_hit | awk '{print $2}')
    MISSES=$(varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.cache_miss | awk '{print $2}')
    TOTAL=$((HITS + MISSES))
    if [ $TOTAL -gt 0 ]; then
        RATE=$(echo "scale=2; $HITS * 100 / $TOTAL" | bc)
        echo "Cache Hit Rate: ${RATE}%"
    fi
    echo ""
    
    # 连接数
    echo "Connections:"
    varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.sess_conn -f MAIN.sess_drop
    echo ""
    
    # 后端状态
    echo "Backend Status:"
    varnishadm backend.list
    echo ""
    
    # 线程数
    echo "Threads:"
    varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.threads -f MAIN.threads_limited
    echo ""
    
    sleep 2
done

#!/bin/bash
# health_check.sh

# 检查Varnish进程
if ! pgrep -x varnishd > /dev/null; then
    echo "CRITICAL: Varnish process not running"
    exit 2
fi

# 检查端口
if ! nc -z localhost 6081; then
    echo "CRITICAL: Port 6081 not responding"
    exit 2
fi

# 检查管理接口
if ! varnishadm status > /dev/null 2>&1; then
    echo "WARNING: Management interface not responding"
    exit 1
fi

# 检查缓存命中率
HITS=$(varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.cache_hit | awk '{print $2}')
MISSES=$(varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.cache_miss | awk '{print $2}')
TOTAL=$((HITS + MISSES))
if [ $TOTAL -gt 100 ]; then
    RATE=$(echo "scale=2; $HITS * 100 / $TOTAL" | bc)
    if (( $(echo "$RATE < 50" | bc -l) )); then
        echo "WARNING: Cache hit rate is low: ${RATE}%"
        exit 1
    fi
fi

echo "OK: Varnish is healthy"
exit 0

# 查看内存使用
varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.s0.g_bytes -f MAIN.s0.g_space

# 查看对象数
varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.n_object -f MAIN.n_vampireobject

# 查看LRU活动
varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.n_lru_nuked -f MAIN.n_lru_moved

# 查看线程统计
varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.threads -f MAIN.threads_limited -f MAIN.threads_created

# 查看线程队列
varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.thread_queue_len

# 查看会话统计
varnishstat -1 -f MAIN.sess_queued -f MAIN.sess_dropped

# 查看后端响应时间
varnishlog -i Timestamp -i BereqURL | grep -A1 "BereqURL" | grep "Beresp"

# 查看慢请求
varnishlog -q "Timestamp:Process[2] > 1.0"

# 查看失败请求
varnishlog -q "RespStatus >= 500"

# /etc/logrotate.d/varnish
/var/log/varnish/*.log {
    daily
    rotate 7
    compress
    delaycompress
    missingok
    notifempty
    create 0644 vcache vcache
    postrotate
        systemctl reload varnishncsa > /dev/null 2>&1 || true
    endscript
}

# 启动varnishncsa服务
sudo systemctl start varnishncsa
sudo systemctl enable varnishncsa

# 启动varnishlog服务
sudo systemctl start varnishlog
sudo systemctl enable varnishlog