Rails RESTful路由 #

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  resources :articles
end

# app/controllers/articles_controller.rb
class ArticlesController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_article, only: %i[show edit update destroy]

  # GET /articles
  def index
    @articles = Article.all
  end

  # GET /articles/1
  def show
  end

  # GET /articles/new
  def new
    @article = Article.new
  end

  # GET /articles/1/edit
  def edit
  end

  # POST /articles
  def create
    @article = Article.new(article_params)

    if @article.save
      redirect_to @article, notice: '文章创建成功'
    else
      render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  # PATCH/PUT /articles/1
  def update
    if @article.update(article_params)
      redirect_to @article, notice: '文章更新成功'
    else
      render :edit, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end
  end

  # DELETE /articles/1
  def destroy
    @article.destroy
    redirect_to articles_url, notice: '文章删除成功'
  end

  private

  def set_article
    @article = Article.find(params[:id])
  end

  def article_params
    params.require(:article).permit(:title, :body, :status)
  end
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 只生成指定动作
  resources :articles, only: [:index, :show]
  
  # 排除指定动作
  resources :comments, except: [:new, :edit]
  
  # 只读资源
  resources :pages, only: [:show]
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 自定义资源路径
  resources :articles, path: 'posts'
  # /posts => articles#index
  
  # 自定义路径助手前缀
  resources :articles, as: 'posts'
  # posts_path => /articles
  
  # 自定义控制器
  resources :articles, controller: 'posts'
  # 使用 PostsController
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  resources :articles do
    # 成员路由（操作单个资源）
    member do
      get 'preview'      # /articles/:id/preview
      post 'publish'     # /articles/:id/publish
      post 'unpublish'   # /articles/:id/unpublish
    end
    
    # 集合路由（操作资源集合）
    collection do
      get 'search'       # /articles/search
      get 'popular'      # /articles/popular
      get 'archived'     # /articles/archived
    end
  end
end

<!-- 成员路由 -->
<%= link_to '预览', preview_article_path(@article) %>
<%= button_to '发布', publish_article_path(@article), method: :post %>

<!-- 集合路由 -->
<%= link_to '搜索', search_articles_path %>
<%= link_to '热门文章', popular_articles_path %>

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  resources :articles do
    resources :comments
  end
end

# app/controllers/comments_controller.rb
class CommentsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_article

  # GET /articles/:article_id/comments
  def index
    @comments = @article.comments
  end

  # POST /articles/:article_id/comments
  def create
    @comment = @article.comments.build(comment_params)

    if @comment.save
      redirect_to @article, notice: '评论创建成功'
    else
      redirect_to @article, alert: '评论创建失败'
    end
  end

  private

  def set_article
    @article = Article.find(params[:article_id])
  end

  def comment_params
    params.require(:comment).permit(:body, :author)
  end
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 浅层嵌套避免URL过深
  resources :articles do
    resources :comments, shallow: true
  end
end

# 生成的路由：
# GET    /articles/:article_id/comments      comments#index
# GET    /articles/:article_id/comments/new  comments#new
# POST   /articles/:article_id/comments      comments#create
# GET    /comments/:id                       comments#show
# GET    /comments/:id/edit                  comments#edit
# PATCH  /comments/:id                       comments#update
# DELETE /comments/:id                       comments#destroy

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 避免超过一层嵌套
  resources :users do
    resources :articles do
      resources :comments
    end
  end
end

# 更好的做法：使用浅层嵌套
resources :users do
  resources :articles, only: [:index, :new, :create]
end

resources :articles, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy] do
  resources :comments, shallow: true
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  namespace :admin do
    resources :users
    resources :articles
    root 'dashboard#index'
  end
end

app/controllers/
├── application_controller.rb
└── admin/
    ├── application_controller.rb
    ├── dashboard_controller.rb
    ├── users_controller.rb
    └── articles_controller.rb

app/views/admin/
├── dashboard/
│   └── index.html.erb
├── users/
│   ├── index.html.erb
│   └── show.html.erb
└── articles/
    └── index.html.erb

# app/controllers/admin/application_controller.rb
module Admin
  class ApplicationController < ::ApplicationController
    before_action :require_admin
    
    private
    
    def require_admin
      redirect_to root_path unless current_user&.admin?
    end
  end
end

# app/controllers/admin/users_controller.rb
module Admin
  class UsersController < Admin::ApplicationController
    def index
      @users = User.all
    end
    
    def show
      @user = User.find(params[:id])
    end
  end
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # namespace：路径、模块、助手前缀都改变
  namespace :admin do
    resources :users
  end
  # /admin/users => Admin::UsersController
  # admin_users_path
  
  # scope module：只改变模块
  scope module: 'admin' do
    resources :users
  end
  # /users => Admin::UsersController
  # users_path
  
  # scope path：只改变路径
  scope path: '/admin' do
    resources :users
  end
  # /admin/users => UsersController
  # users_path
  
  # scope as：只改变助手前缀
  scope as: 'admin' do
    resources :users
  end
  # /users => UsersController
  # admin_users_path
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  namespace :api do
    namespace :v1 do
      resources :articles
      resources :users, only: [:index, :show]
      post 'login', to: 'authentication#login'
    end
    
    namespace :v2 do
      resources :articles
      resources :users
    end
  end
end

# app/controllers/api/v1/articles_controller.rb
module Api
  module V1
    class ArticlesController < ApplicationController
      skip_before_action :verify_authenticity_token
      
      def index
        @articles = Article.all
        render json: @articles
      end
      
      def show
        @article = Article.find(params[:id])
        render json: @article
      end
      
      def create
        @article = Article.new(article_params)
        
        if @article.save
          render json: @article, status: :created
        else
          render json: { errors: @article.errors }, status: :unprocessable_entity
        end
      end
      
      private
      
      def article_params
        params.require(:article).permit(:title, :body)
      end
    end
  end
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 子域名API
  constraints subdomain: 'api' do
    namespace :api, path: '/' do
      namespace :v1 do
        resources :articles
      end
    end
  end
  
  # 格式约束
  namespace :api, defaults: { format: :json } do
    namespace :v1 do
      resources :articles
    end
  end
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 定义可复用的路由模块
  concern :commentable do
    resources :comments
  end
  
  concern :likable do
    resources :likes, only: [:create, :destroy]
  end
  
  # 使用concerns
  resources :articles, concerns: [:commentable, :likable]
  resources :photos, concerns: [:commentable, :likable]
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  concern :paginatable do
    get 'page/:page', action: :index, on: :collection
  end
  
  concern :searchable do
    collection do
      get 'search'
    end
  end
  
  resources :articles, concerns: [:paginatable, :searchable]
  resources :users, concerns: [:paginatable, :searchable]
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 简单重定向
  get 'old-path', to: redirect('/new-path')
  
  # 重定向到命名路由
  get 'home', to: redirect(root_path)
  
  # 外部重定向
  get 'external', to: redirect('https://example.com')
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 使用块进行动态重定向
  get 'users/:name', to: redirect { |params|
    "/profiles/#{params[:name]}"
  }
  
  # 带状态码
  get 'old-page', to: redirect('/new-page', status: 301)
end

# config/routes.rb
Rails.application.routes.draw do
  # 1. 根路由
  root 'home#index'
  
  # 2. 公开资源
  resources :articles, only: [:index, :show]
  resources :categories, only: [:index, :show]
  
  # 3. 用户资源
  resources :users, only: [:show] do
    resources :articles, only: [:index]
  end
  
  # 4. 认证路由
  get 'login', to: 'sessions#new'
  post 'login', to: 'sessions#create'
  delete 'logout', to: 'sessions#destroy'
  
  # 5. 管理后台
  namespace :admin do
    root 'dashboard#index'
    resources :users
    resources :articles
  end
  
  # 6. API路由
  namespace :api, defaults: { format: :json } do
    namespace :v1 do
      resources :articles
    end
  end
end

# 推荐
resources :articles
resources :users

# 不推荐
resources :article  # 应该用复数
resources :User     # 应该用小写