Next.js Sass与全局样式 #
一、Sass基础 #
1.1 安装Sass #
bash
npm install sass
1.2 使用Sass #
将 .css 文件改为 .scss 或 .sass:
scss
.container {
max-width: 1200px;
margin: 0 auto;
padding: 1rem;
.title {
font-size: 2rem;
color: #1f2937;
}
}
tsx
import styles from './page.module.scss'
export default function Page() {
return (
<div className={styles.container}>
<h1 className={styles.title}>页面标题</h1>
</div>
)
}
二、Sass特性 #
2.1 变量 #
scss
$primary-color: #3b82f6;
$secondary-color: #64748b;
$text-color: #1f2937;
$border-radius: 0.5rem;
.button {
background-color: $primary-color;
color: white;
border-radius: $border-radius;
}
.card {
border: 1px solid $secondary-color;
border-radius: $border-radius;
}
2.2 嵌套 #
scss
.card {
padding: 1rem;
border-radius: 0.5rem;
.header {
font-size: 1.25rem;
font-weight: bold;
.subtitle {
font-size: 0.875rem;
color: #64748b;
}
}
.content {
margin-top: 1rem;
}
&:hover {
box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}
}
2.3 混合 #
scss
@mixin flex-center {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
@mixin button-base {
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
border-radius: 0.25rem;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
transition: background-color 0.2s;
}
@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
@if $breakpoint == sm {
@media (min-width: 640px) { @content; }
}
@if $breakpoint == md {
@media (min-width: 768px) { @content; }
}
@if $breakpoint == lg {
@media (min-width: 1024px) { @content; }
}
}
.container {
@include flex-center;
@include respond-to(md) {
padding: 2rem;
}
}
.button {
@include button-base;
background-color: #3b82f6;
color: white;
&:hover {
background-color: #2563eb;
}
}
2.4 函数 #
scss
@function px-to-rem($px, $base: 16) {
@return calc($px / $base) * 1rem;
}
@function lighten-color($color, $amount) {
@return lighten($color, $amount);
}
.title {
font-size: px-to-rem(24);
color: lighten-color(#3b82f6, 20%);
}
2.5 继承 #
scss
%button-base {
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
border-radius: 0.25rem;
border: none;
cursor: pointer;
}
.button-primary {
@extend %button-base;
background-color: #3b82f6;
color: white;
}
.button-secondary {
@extend %button-base;
background-color: #64748b;
color: white;
}
三、模块化 #
3.1 文件组织 #
text
styles/
├── _variables.scss
├── _mixins.scss
├── _functions.scss
├── _reset.scss
├── _typography.scss
├── _buttons.scss
├── _forms.scss
└── main.scss
3.2 导入模块 #
_variables.scss
scss
$colors: (
primary: #3b82f6,
secondary: #64748b,
success: #22c55e,
error: #ef4444,
text: #1f2937,
background: #ffffff,
);
$spacing: (
xs: 0.25rem,
sm: 0.5rem,
md: 1rem,
lg: 2rem,
xl: 4rem,
);
$breakpoints: (
sm: 640px,
md: 768px,
lg: 1024px,
xl: 1280px,
);
_mixins.scss
scss
@use 'variables' as *;
@mixin flex($direction: row, $justify: flex-start, $align: stretch) {
display: flex;
flex-direction: $direction;
justify-content: $justify;
align-items: $align;
}
@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
$value: map-get($breakpoints, $breakpoint);
@if $value {
@media (min-width: $value) {
@content;
}
}
}
@mixin truncate($lines: 1) {
@if $lines == 1 {
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
} @else {
display: -webkit-box;
-webkit-line-clamp: $lines;
-webkit-box-orient: vertical;
overflow: hidden;
}
}
main.scss
scss
@use 'variables' as *;
@use 'mixins' as *;
@use 'reset';
@use 'typography';
@use 'buttons';
@use 'forms';
body {
font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
color: map-get($colors, text);
background-color: map-get($colors, background);
}
3.3 使用@use #
scss
@use './variables' as vars;
@use './mixins' as mx;
.button {
background-color: vars.$primary-color;
@include mx.flex-center;
}
四、全局样式 #
4.1 globals.css #
css
@tailwind base;
@tailwind components;
@tailwind utilities;
:root {
--primary-color: #3b82f6;
--secondary-color: #64748b;
--text-color: #1f2937;
--background-color: #ffffff;
}
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
}
html {
scroll-behavior: smooth;
}
body {
font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
line-height: 1.6;
color: var(--text-color);
background-color: var(--background-color);
}
a {
color: var(--primary-color);
text-decoration: none;
&:hover {
text-decoration: underline;
}
}
img {
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
4.2 导入全局样式 #
tsx
import './globals.css'
export default function RootLayout({
children,
}: {
children: React.ReactNode
}) {
return (
<html lang="zh-CN">
<body>{children}</body>
</html>
)
}
4.3 CSS重置 #
css
*,
*::before,
*::after {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
* {
margin: 0;
}
html {
height: 100%;
}
body {
min-height: 100%;
line-height: 1.5;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}
img,
picture,
video,
canvas,
svg {
display: block;
max-width: 100%;
}
input,
button,
textarea,
select {
font: inherit;
}
p,
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
overflow-wrap: break-word;
}
五、主题系统 #
5.1 CSS变量主题 #
css
:root {
--color-primary: #3b82f6;
--color-secondary: #64748b;
--color-text: #1f2937;
--color-background: #ffffff;
--spacing-xs: 0.25rem;
--spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
--spacing-md: 1rem;
--spacing-lg: 2rem;
--radius-sm: 0.25rem;
--radius-md: 0.5rem;
--radius-lg: 1rem;
}
[data-theme='dark'] {
--color-primary: #60a5fa;
--color-secondary: #94a3b8;
--color-text: #f3f4f6;
--color-background: #1f2937;
}
5.2 使用主题变量 #
css
.button {
padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
background-color: var(--color-primary);
color: white;
border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}
5.3 切换主题 #
tsx
'use client'
import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
export default function ThemeToggle() {
const [theme, setTheme] = useState<'light' | 'dark'>('light')
useEffect(() => {
document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', theme)
}, [theme])
return (
<button onClick={() => setTheme(theme === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light')}>
{theme === 'light' ? '🌙' : '☀️'}
</button>
)
}
六、最佳实践 #
6.1 文件命名 #
text
styles/
├── _variables.scss # 变量
├── _mixins.scss # 混合
├── _functions.scss # 函数
├── _reset.scss # 重置
├── _base.scss # 基础样式
├── _components.scss # 组件样式
├── _utilities.scss # 工具类
└── main.scss # 主入口
6.2 变量命名 #
scss
$color-primary: #3b82f6;
$color-primary-light: #60a5fa;
$color-primary-dark: #2563eb;
$spacing-xs: 0.25rem;
$spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
$spacing-md: 1rem;
$font-size-sm: 0.875rem;
$font-size-base: 1rem;
$font-size-lg: 1.125rem;
6.3 响应式设计 #
scss
@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
@if $breakpoint == sm {
@media (min-width: 640px) { @content; }
}
@if $breakpoint == md {
@media (min-width: 768px) { @content; }
}
@if $breakpoint == lg {
@media (min-width: 1024px) { @content; }
}
}
.container {
padding: 1rem;
@include respond-to(md) {
padding: 2rem;
}
@include respond-to(lg) {
padding: 3rem;
}
}
七、总结 #
Sass与全局样式要点:
| 要点 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| 变量 | $variable-name |
| 嵌套 | 选择器嵌套 |
| 混合 | @mixin/@include |
| 函数 | @function |
| 模块 | @use/@forward |
| 主题 | CSS变量 |
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最后更新:2026-03-28