Next.js Sass与全局样式 #

一、Sass基础 #

1.1 安装Sass #

bash
npm install sass

1.2 使用Sass #

.css 文件改为 .scss.sass

scss
.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 1rem;
    
    .title {
        font-size: 2rem;
        color: #1f2937;
    }
}
tsx
import styles from './page.module.scss'

export default function Page() {
    return (
        <div className={styles.container}>
            <h1 className={styles.title}>页面标题</h1>
        </div>
    )
}

二、Sass特性 #

2.1 变量 #

scss
$primary-color: #3b82f6;
$secondary-color: #64748b;
$text-color: #1f2937;
$border-radius: 0.5rem;

.button {
    background-color: $primary-color;
    color: white;
    border-radius: $border-radius;
}

.card {
    border: 1px solid $secondary-color;
    border-radius: $border-radius;
}

2.2 嵌套 #

scss
.card {
    padding: 1rem;
    border-radius: 0.5rem;
    
    .header {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
        font-weight: bold;
        
        .subtitle {
            font-size: 0.875rem;
            color: #64748b;
        }
    }
    
    .content {
        margin-top: 1rem;
    }
    
    &:hover {
        box-shadow: 0 4px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    }
}

2.3 混合 #

scss
@mixin flex-center {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
}

@mixin button-base {
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    transition: background-color 0.2s;
}

@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
    @if $breakpoint == sm {
        @media (min-width: 640px) { @content; }
    }
    @if $breakpoint == md {
        @media (min-width: 768px) { @content; }
    }
    @if $breakpoint == lg {
        @media (min-width: 1024px) { @content; }
    }
}

.container {
    @include flex-center;
    
    @include respond-to(md) {
        padding: 2rem;
    }
}

.button {
    @include button-base;
    background-color: #3b82f6;
    color: white;
    
    &:hover {
        background-color: #2563eb;
    }
}

2.4 函数 #

scss
@function px-to-rem($px, $base: 16) {
    @return calc($px / $base) * 1rem;
}

@function lighten-color($color, $amount) {
    @return lighten($color, $amount);
}

.title {
    font-size: px-to-rem(24);
    color: lighten-color(#3b82f6, 20%);
}

2.5 继承 #

scss
%button-base {
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    border-radius: 0.25rem;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
}

.button-primary {
    @extend %button-base;
    background-color: #3b82f6;
    color: white;
}

.button-secondary {
    @extend %button-base;
    background-color: #64748b;
    color: white;
}

三、模块化 #

3.1 文件组织 #

text
styles/
├── _variables.scss
├── _mixins.scss
├── _functions.scss
├── _reset.scss
├── _typography.scss
├── _buttons.scss
├── _forms.scss
└── main.scss

3.2 导入模块 #

_variables.scss

scss
$colors: (
    primary: #3b82f6,
    secondary: #64748b,
    success: #22c55e,
    error: #ef4444,
    text: #1f2937,
    background: #ffffff,
);

$spacing: (
    xs: 0.25rem,
    sm: 0.5rem,
    md: 1rem,
    lg: 2rem,
    xl: 4rem,
);

$breakpoints: (
    sm: 640px,
    md: 768px,
    lg: 1024px,
    xl: 1280px,
);

_mixins.scss

scss
@use 'variables' as *;

@mixin flex($direction: row, $justify: flex-start, $align: stretch) {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: $direction;
    justify-content: $justify;
    align-items: $align;
}

@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
    $value: map-get($breakpoints, $breakpoint);
    @if $value {
        @media (min-width: $value) {
            @content;
        }
    }
}

@mixin truncate($lines: 1) {
    @if $lines == 1 {
        white-space: nowrap;
        overflow: hidden;
        text-overflow: ellipsis;
    } @else {
        display: -webkit-box;
        -webkit-line-clamp: $lines;
        -webkit-box-orient: vertical;
        overflow: hidden;
    }
}

main.scss

scss
@use 'variables' as *;
@use 'mixins' as *;
@use 'reset';
@use 'typography';
@use 'buttons';
@use 'forms';

body {
    font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
    color: map-get($colors, text);
    background-color: map-get($colors, background);
}

3.3 使用@use #

scss
@use './variables' as vars;
@use './mixins' as mx;

.button {
    background-color: vars.$primary-color;
    @include mx.flex-center;
}

四、全局样式 #

4.1 globals.css #

css
@tailwind base;
@tailwind components;
@tailwind utilities;

:root {
    --primary-color: #3b82f6;
    --secondary-color: #64748b;
    --text-color: #1f2937;
    --background-color: #ffffff;
}

* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
    font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, sans-serif;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: var(--background-color);
}

a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    
    &:hover {
        text-decoration: underline;
    }
}

img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

4.2 导入全局样式 #

tsx
import './globals.css'

export default function RootLayout({
    children,
}: {
    children: React.ReactNode
}) {
    return (
        <html lang="zh-CN">
            <body>{children}</body>
        </html>
    )
}

4.3 CSS重置 #

css
*,
*::before,
*::after {
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

* {
    margin: 0;
}

html {
    height: 100%;
}

body {
    min-height: 100%;
    line-height: 1.5;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
}

img,
picture,
video,
canvas,
svg {
    display: block;
    max-width: 100%;
}

input,
button,
textarea,
select {
    font: inherit;
}

p,
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
}

五、主题系统 #

5.1 CSS变量主题 #

css
:root {
    --color-primary: #3b82f6;
    --color-secondary: #64748b;
    --color-text: #1f2937;
    --color-background: #ffffff;
    
    --spacing-xs: 0.25rem;
    --spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
    --spacing-md: 1rem;
    --spacing-lg: 2rem;
    
    --radius-sm: 0.25rem;
    --radius-md: 0.5rem;
    --radius-lg: 1rem;
}

[data-theme='dark'] {
    --color-primary: #60a5fa;
    --color-secondary: #94a3b8;
    --color-text: #f3f4f6;
    --color-background: #1f2937;
}

5.2 使用主题变量 #

css
.button {
    padding: var(--spacing-sm) var(--spacing-md);
    background-color: var(--color-primary);
    color: white;
    border-radius: var(--radius-md);
}

5.3 切换主题 #

tsx
'use client'

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'

export default function ThemeToggle() {
    const [theme, setTheme] = useState<'light' | 'dark'>('light')
    
    useEffect(() => {
        document.documentElement.setAttribute('data-theme', theme)
    }, [theme])
    
    return (
        <button onClick={() => setTheme(theme === 'light' ? 'dark' : 'light')}>
            {theme === 'light' ? '🌙' : '☀️'}
        </button>
    )
}

六、最佳实践 #

6.1 文件命名 #

text
styles/
├── _variables.scss      # 变量
├── _mixins.scss         # 混合
├── _functions.scss      # 函数
├── _reset.scss          # 重置
├── _base.scss           # 基础样式
├── _components.scss     # 组件样式
├── _utilities.scss      # 工具类
└── main.scss            # 主入口

6.2 变量命名 #

scss
$color-primary: #3b82f6;
$color-primary-light: #60a5fa;
$color-primary-dark: #2563eb;

$spacing-xs: 0.25rem;
$spacing-sm: 0.5rem;
$spacing-md: 1rem;

$font-size-sm: 0.875rem;
$font-size-base: 1rem;
$font-size-lg: 1.125rem;

6.3 响应式设计 #

scss
@mixin respond-to($breakpoint) {
    @if $breakpoint == sm {
        @media (min-width: 640px) { @content; }
    }
    @if $breakpoint == md {
        @media (min-width: 768px) { @content; }
    }
    @if $breakpoint == lg {
        @media (min-width: 1024px) { @content; }
    }
}

.container {
    padding: 1rem;
    
    @include respond-to(md) {
        padding: 2rem;
    }
    
    @include respond-to(lg) {
        padding: 3rem;
    }
}

七、总结 #

Sass与全局样式要点:

要点 说明
变量 $variable-name
嵌套 选择器嵌套
混合 @mixin/@include
函数 @function
模块 @use/@forward
主题 CSS变量

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最后更新:2026-03-28