单元测试 #

Laravel测试类型
├── 单元测试
│   └── 测试单个类或方法
├── 功能测试
│   └── 测试应用功能
├── HTTP测试
│   └── 测试HTTP请求响应
└── 浏览器测试
    └── 使用Dusk进行浏览器测试

tests/
├── Feature/              # 功能测试
│   └── ExampleTest.php
├── Unit/                 # 单元测试
│   └── ExampleTest.php
├── CreatesApplication.php
└── TestCase.php          # 基础测试类

# 创建单元测试
php artisan make:test UserTest --unit

# 创建功能测试
php artisan make:test UserTest

namespace Tests\Unit;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

class UserTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_example()
    {
        $this->assertTrue(true);
    }
}

php artisan test

# 或使用PHPUnit
./vendor/bin/phpunit

# 运行单个文件
php artisan test tests/Unit/UserTest.php

# 运行指定方法
php artisan test --filter test_example

namespace Tests\Feature;

use Tests\TestCase;

class UserTest extends TestCase
{
    public function test_index_returns_success()
    {
        $response = $this->get('/users');
        $response->assertStatus(200);
    }

    public function test_store_creates_user()
    {
        $response = $this->post('/users', [
            'name' => 'John',
            'email' => 'john@example.com',
        ]);

        $response->assertStatus(201);
    }
}

// 状态码断言
$response->assertStatus(200);
$response->assertOk();
$response->assertCreated();
$response->assertNotFound();

// JSON断言
$response->assertJson(['name' => 'John']);
$response->assertJsonPath('data.name', 'John');
$response->assertJsonStructure(['data' => ['id', 'name']]);

// 重定向断言
$response->assertRedirect('/users');

// 视图断言
$response->assertViewIs('users.index');
$response->assertViewHas('users');

use App\Models\User;

public function test_authenticated_user_can_access_dashboard()
{
    $user = User::factory()->create();

    $response = $this->actingAs($user)
        ->get('/dashboard');

    $response->assertStatus(200);
}

php artisan make:factory UserFactory

// 创建单个用户
$user = User::factory()->create();

// 创建多个用户
$users = User::factory()->count(3)->create();

// 覆盖属性
$user = User::factory()->create([
    'email' => 'test@example.com',
]);

use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;

class UserTest extends TestCase
{
    use RefreshDatabase;

    public function test_create_user()
    {
        $user = User::factory()->create();

        $this->assertDatabaseHas('users', [
            'email' => $user->email,
        ]);
    }
}

// 检查数据存在
$this->assertDatabaseHas('users', ['email' => 'john@example.com']);

// 检查数据不存在
$this->assertDatabaseMissing('users', ['email' => 'john@example.com']);

// 检查数量
$this->assertDatabaseCount('users', 10);

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Mail;

public function test_mail_sent()
{
    Mail::fake();

    // 执行发送邮件代码

    Mail::assertSent(WelcomeEmail::class);
}

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Event;

public function test_event_dispatched()
{
    Event::fake();

    // 执行代码

    Event::assertDispatched(UserRegistered::class);
}

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Queue;

public function test_job_dispatched()
{
    Queue::fake();

    // 执行代码

    Queue::assertPushed(SendEmail::class);
}